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Instructor Literature Series— No, 515 



STOniES OF THE STATES 



t 



KENTUCKY 



By % S. Eubank A, B. 







010 638 756 4 # 



PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY 
F. A. OWEN PUB. CO., Dansville, N. Y. 
HALL & McCREARY, Chicago, 111. 



INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES 

Supplementary Readers and Five-Cent Classics 

A series of little books containing material needed for Supplementary 
Reading and Study. Classified a^nd Graded. Large type for lower grades. 

'^^^ This list is consiantlv being added to. If a substantial iiumber of books are to be 
ordered, or if other titles than those shown here are desired, setid for latest list. 



FIRST YEAR 

Fables and Myths 

6 Fairy Stories of the Moon.— 7V/a^Mi>^ 

27 ^sop's Fables— Part 1—Reiter 

28 ^sop'S Fables— Part ll—Reiter 

29 ludiau Myihs— Bush 
140 Nursery Tales — Taylor 
Nature 

1 Little Plant People— Part 1— Chase 

2 Little Plant People— Part 11— Chase 

30 Story of a Snnheam.— Miller 

31 Kitty Mittens and Her 'Brinnds— Chase 
History 

32 Patriotic Stories (Story of the Flag, 

Story of Washington, etc.) — Reiier 
Literature 

104 IMother Goose Reader 
228 First Term Primer — Maguire 
230 Rhyme and Jingle Reader for Beginners 

SECOND YEAR 
Fables and Myths 

33 Stories from Andersen — Taylor 

34 Stories from Grimm — Taylor 

36 Little Red Riding YlooOi—Reiter 

37 Jack and the Beanstalk — Reiter 

38 Adventures of a Brownie — Reiter 
Nature 

3 Little Workers (Animal Stories)— C/mj-? 

39 Little Wood Friends — Mayjie 

40 Witigs and Stings— //a/i/a;ir 

41 Story of Wool — Mayne 

42 Bird Stories from the Foets—follie 
History and Biography 

43 Story of the Mayflower — McCabe 

45 Boyhood of Washington — Reiter 
204 Boyhood of Lincoln — Reiter 

Literature and Art 

72 Bow-Wow and Mew-Mew— Cra 2^ 
i;2 Child's Garden of Verses — Stevenson 
206 Picture Study Stories for Little Children 

— Cranston 
220 Story of the Christ Child — Hushower 
290 Fuzz in Japan— A Child-Life Reader — 
Maguirc. 

THIRD YEAR 
Fables and Myths 

46 Puss in Boots and Cinderella — Reiter 

47 Greek 'Myths— Klingensynith 

48 Nature Myths— Metcalfe 

50 Reynard the Fox — Best 

102 Tliiimbeliua and Dream Storie^s— Reiter 
146 Sleeping Beauty and Other Stories 

174 Sun Myths— Reiter 

175 Norse Legends I — Reiter 
i76 Norse Legends, II — Reiter 

177 Legends of the Rhineland — McCabe 
282 Siegfried, the Lorelei and Other Rhine 

Legends— yl/cCa^^ 
Nature and Industry 

49 Buds, Stems and Fruits — Mayne 

51 Storj'^ of Flax — Mayne 



52 Story of Glass — Hanson 

53 Adventures of a Little Waterdrop 

— Mayne 
135 Little People of the Hills (Dry Air and 

Dry Soil Plants)— CAaj^ 
203 Little Plant People of the Waterways — 

Chase 
X33 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard — Part 

I. Story of Tea and the Teacup 

137 Aixnt Martha's Corner Cupboard — Part 

II. Story of Sugar, Coffee aud Salt. 

138 Aunt Martha's Corner Cupboard— Part 

III. Story of Rice, Currants and Honey 
History and Biography 

4 Story of Washington — Reiter 
7 Story of Longfellow — McCabe 
21 Story of the Pilgrims — Powers 
44 Famous Early Americans (Smith, Stan- 
dish, Peuu) — Bush 

54 Story of Columbus— Tl/cCai^^ 

55 Story oiVJhittiev— McCabe 

57 Story of Louisa M. A\cott— Bush 

58 Story of Alice aud Phoebe C&vy—McFee 

59 Story of the Boston Tea Party -McCabe 

60 Children of the Northland— i?2<^/s 

62 Childrenof the South Lands, I (Florida, 
Cuba, Puerto Rico) — McFee 

63 Children of the South Lands, II (Africa 
Hawaii, The Philippines)— A^c/><? 

64 Child Life in the Colonies— I (New- 

Amsterdam ) — Baker 

65 Child Life in the Colonies— II (Pennsyl- 

vania) — /.'<)■ -i'l^r 

66 Child Life in the Colonies— III (Virgin- 

ia)— ^a/^^r 

68 Stories of the Revolution— I (Ethan 

Allen aud the Green Mountain Boys;) 

69 Stories of the Revolution— II (Around 

Philadelphia)— yi/cc^iZi^^ 

70 Stories of the Revolution— HI (Marion, 

the Swamp Vo-s.)—McCabe 
132 Storv of Franklin— T^arzj 

164 The Little Brown Baby and Other Babies 

165 Gemila, the Child of the Desert aud 

Some of Her Sisters 

166 Louise on the Rhine and in Her New 

Home. (Nos. 164, i6§, 166 are "Seven 
Little Sisters" by Jane Andreivs) 

167 Famous Artists, I — Laudseer aud Bon- 
heur. 

Literature 
35 Goody Two-Shoes 

67 Story of Robinson Crusoe— Bush 

71 Selections from Hiawatha (For 3rd, 4th, 

5th and 6th Grades) 
233 Poems Worth Knowing-Book I-Primary 

FOURTH YEAR 
Nature and Industry 

75 Story of Coal— yi/cA'awi? 

76 Story of Wheat — Halifax 
'j'j Story oi Cotton— Brotvn 

134 Conquests of Little Plant People— CAaje 

Continued on third cover 



Au-u^t. 1913. 



INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES 



The Story of Kentucky 



Bv % S. Eubank, A. V. 




PUBLISHED JOINTLY BY 

F. A. OWEN PUB. CO., Dansville, N. Y. 



HALL & MCCREARY, CHICAGO, ILL. 



Copyright 1913, by F. A. Owen Pxtblishivg Co 



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^ ^ ^^ 



iC!,A357866 

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The Story of Kentucky 



Geography and First White Visitor 

Lying west of the Allegheny Mountains and extending 
westward for some three hundred miles, bounded, for 
the most part, on the north by the Ohio River and ex- 
tending to the Mississippi, lies the State of Kentucky. 
In its eastern portion, constituting nearly one-third of 
its area, the surface is broken, and so high as to be 
termed mountainous. A large area occupying the cen- 
tral third, and in the early day mostly a prairie land, is 
now known as the famous Blue Grass section. The wes- 
tern third of the State is practically level, being but a 
few feet above the sea, and cypress swamps are not 
infrequent. This section is commonly termed "The 
Pennyrile. " 

In the middle of the eighteenth century, Kentucky was 
a portion of that unexplored western realm belonging by 
grant to the State of Virginia, and designated as a part 
of Fincastle County. The eastern portion in the early 
day abounded in wild game common to the Appalachian 
forests. The undulating grass lands in the central part 
of the State provided ample grazing for the herds of buf- 
falo and deer that were found there at the time of the 
coming of man. The skeletons that have been exhumed 
indicate that it was the feeding ground of the giant mas- 
todon before the discovery of America. 

About two hundred years after Columbus discovered 
America, a young man twenty-two years of age came to 



4 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

Canada from the Old World. On his arrival he learned 
from the settlers and Indians the possibilty of a passage 
to the South Sea, which they then thought the Gulf of 
Mexico to be. Desirous of making this journey, and 
lured by the possibility of reaching the Pacific by water, 
he secured the assistance of Indians and some white hun- 
ters as guides and set out upon an expedition of explora- 
tion into the country concerning which he had heard 
such fascinating stories. 

Crossing the St. Lawrence and traveling southward, 
he came to what is now called Allegheny River. Secur- 
ing birchbark canoes, he and his party descended the 
Allegheny to its junction with the Monongahela, then 
turning southwestward on the beautiful stream formed 
by these two small rivers and now known as the Ohio, 
he explored the country along the banks of the river to 
what was called by him the Rapids of the Ohio. Thus, 
LaSalle was the first to gaze upon the country from the 
mouth of the Big Sandy to the present site of Louisville, 
and to make a record of such discoveries. 

The Virginians and Daniel Boone 

Near the middle of the eighteenth century, or about 
1750, a party of Virginia hunters, growing weary of the 
monotony of home life and desiring to find better hunt- 
ing grounds, penetrated the Appalachian Mountains by 
way of Powell's Valley and through Cumberland Gap, 
into the eastern portion of what is now Kentucky, and 
hence were the first white men to approach the land 
from the eastern side. In 1767; John Finley and Daniel 
Boone, hearing of the fine hunting in this section, came 
to Kentucky from North Carolina and built a cabin on 
Red River, near where Estill, Powell, and Clark counties 
are now joined. Two years later, about forty hunters 
and adventurers came to the territory and made their 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 5 

camp at what they then called Price's Meadows, about 
six miles from the present site of Monticello in Wayne 
County. This camp, by virtue of its location near the 
Cumberland River, developed into a distributing point 
for the country lying along the Cumberland, now in- 
cluded in Wayne, Green, Barren and Warren counties. 
Another station was built near Greensburg. These sta- 
tions or camps seem to have served only the immediate 
needs of the hunters while they were in the territory. 

Daniel Boone seems to have been 
the only one of these hunters to whom 
the wilderness especially appealed. 
Consequently, for many years he made 
frequent trips into the territory, stay- 
ing as long as two years on one occa- 
sion, and winning the title of The Long 
Hunter. Boone was alone on many of 
these trips, never seeing the face of a 
white man, but frequently meeting 
roving bands of Indians. From a cave in the side of Pilot 
Knob in Powell County, he could catch glimpses of the 
joyous sports of the Shawnee boys at Indian Fields ; and 
from the projecting rocks he feasted his eyes on the herds 
of buffalo winding across the prairie. 

No permanent Indian villages were found in Kentucky. 
It seems to have been a choice bit of hunting ground 
strongly contested by the tribes of the North and the 
tribes of the South. The Shawnees had a village at In- 
dian Fields, in the eastern portion of Clark County, near 
the beautiful stream called Lulbegrud Creek. 

Boone seems to have been endowed with the faculty 
that enabled him to pass, in his first years of wandering, 
from tribe to tribe; and from these Indians he learned 
that the common name of the country, known to all, was 
Kan-tuckee (kane-tooch-ee ), so called by the Indians be- 




6 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

cause of the abundance of a peculiar reed growing along 
the river, now known as pipe-stem cane. 

Boone remained in the wilderness so long that his 
brother and a searching party came to find him. They 
found him in good health and spirits, enjoying life, anci 
living in peace with the Indian tribes. The party, with 
Boone, returned to the valley of the Yadkin, and told 
such stories of the enchanted land as caused the settlers 
of the region to listen eagerly, and to feel the stirring of 
the pioneer spirit. Not caring for the growing crops and 
with no relish for the monotonous labor, Boone easily 
persuaded a company of men to come with him to the 
wilderness and to bring their families. 



• irroJaburg' 

K E 











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sVJO' 








Boone's Trail 



The journey was tedious. Those on foot went ahead 
and blazed a trail for the few wagons, pack horses and 
domestic animals, and killed game to furnish meat when 
the next camp should be struck at nightfall. It was a 
courageous, jolly party that thus marched through Cum- 
berland Gap, and blazed a way which has since been 
known as Boone's Trail. Hostile Indians had to be 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 



fought along the way, and several of the party were 
slain, among them being Boone's son. An Englishman, 
also, was killed, and his young son was adopted by Boone 
and thereafter known as his own son. 

Beginnings of Settlements 

The party passed the present site of Richmond in Madi- 
son County, and reached a point on the Kentucky River, in 
1775, where Booiiesborough was built. The site selected 
was a broad, level stretch of land, with the river to 
the north, and high 
hills to the south. 
This particular 
spot was selected 
because of a fine 
spring of water, 
and high hills that 
could be used for 
sentinel towers, 
inclosing fine level 
ground for cultiva- 
tion. The settlers 
cut trees and con- 
structed a stockade 
in the form of a hollow square. It was from this fort that 
Rebecca 'Boone and the Calloway girls were stolen by 
Indians while boating on the Kentucky River. 

About the same time that Boonesborough was being 
established. Captain James Harrod with a party of forty 
men descended the Ohio River, stopped for a time at the 
mouth of Licking River, and felled some trees on the 
present site of Cincinnati. Not being satisfied with the 
location of the settlement, they followed the Ohio to the 
mouth of the Kentucky River and ascended the Kentucky 
to a spot now known as Oregon Landing. Being fatigued 




Boone's Fort 



8 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

from their long and difficult voyage, they left their boats 
and took a course from the river and found a big spring 
at which they built a stockade on the present site of Har- 
rodsburg. 

The large flowing spring one mile west of the present 
town of Stanford, Lincoln County, was made the site of a 
third settlement. Capt. Benjamin Logan headed this 
party of pioneers, and the station was, for a time, known 
as Logan's Fort. Afterward, because of the fact that the 
fort was made by planting logs on end, it was called 
Standing Fort, and in later years the town was called 
Stanford. In the Logan party was a priest who was a 
musician of rare ability. In his daily walks, he was 
accustomed to sit, meditating, at the mouth of the cave 
from which ran the water of this great spring. The rip- 
ple of the stream flowing from the cavern, over the rocks 
and through the spearmint, was music to the Father's 
ear, and to him it seemed the spirit of St. Asaph, the 
director of King David's choir. He it was who named 
the spring and the creek which flows from it, St. Asaph's. 

While the people busied themselves at Harrodsburg, 
Boonesborough and Logan's Fort, Simon Kenton, disap- 
pointed in a love affair in Virginia, seeking relief from 
sorrow by satisfying his hunger for hunting and at the 
same time acting in the interest of Lord Dunmore, came 
to Kentucky. He reached a point near Old Washington 
in Mason County, where he and his party cleared an 
acre of land, planted corn and ate the roasting ears the 
same summer. So far as we know, this was the first 
agricultural activity in the Commonwealth. 

In April, 1775, the first battle of the Revolutionary War 
was fought at Lexington, Mass. At that time a party of 
hunters was camped, at the big spring near the present 
site of the Fayette County courthouse, in Lexington, Ky. 
Months later, the news of the American victory reached 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 






the settlers, and because of their great joy over the vic- 
tory gained, they named the camp site Lexington. 

Limestone (now Maysville), Royal Springs (now George- 
town) and Martin's Station were also built this year. 

In 1779, Lexington was first permanently improved and 
cabins built. From these rude stockade cabins grew the 
the beautiful city of* the Blue Grass, in which town for 
many years were manufactured practically all the fur hats 
worn in the Ohio and - — - - — - ^ 

Mississippi valleys. 
Being in the center of 
the hemp-growing sec- 
tion, practically all the 
ropes and cables used 
in boating on the Ohio, 
Mississippi and Ken- 
tucky rivers were made 
in Lexington. These 
commercial enterprises, 
together with the ex- 
ceptional fertility of the 
soil, account for the development of the city of Lexington 
more rapidly than the surrounding forts and stations. 

Daniel Boone was consulted regarding the advisability 
of the location of all settlements made during the early 
days, because he knew the country better than any other 
one person, and knew the wilderness as few have 
known it. 

Hunters and trappers began to traffic along the Ohio 
River, and supplies for the more northern settlements 
were shipped on the Ohio and unloaded at Limestone or 
at The Rapids. At this latter point it was necessary, if 
supplies were sent farther down the stream, to unload 
and carry them to a point below the rapids, when the 
boats would have to be launched again and reloaded. 




Stockade and Cabins at Lexin^un 



10 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 



This necessitated a delay, especially as the traders soon 
fell upon the plan of having one line of boats plying 
above the rapids and another plying between points below 
the rapids. Men for unloading and loading were kept 
always on the ground. This little settlement became per- 
manent, and is now the largest town in the State — Louis- 
ville. 

Ho^^^ the Pioneers Lived and Fought 

After the wives of the settlers in the various forts 
came to Kentucky, home life took on the appearance of a 
settled community. Homes were built outside the stock- 
ades, nearly every man of family had a farm of his own, 
land was cleared, fruit trees were set out, attention was 
given to the raising of hogs, sheep, cattle and horses, and a 
_ little Empire of 

'the West began 
to appear. The 
women w e i" e 
busy with spin- 
ning, weaving 
and general 
housework. 
The men clear- 
ed and fenced 
their land. The 
fortifications 
were kept only 
as a refuge in time of an attack by the Indians— which, 
however, was not infrequent, because the French in the 
North coveted the rich lands beyond the Alleghenies, and 
incited the Indians to warfare against the white peoplo 
who were settling there. It was the sturdy pioneers of 
Kentucky, acting in the name of Virginia, who held the 
frontier against the encroachments of the French, as the 
property of the English crown. 




First Stockade and Cabins at the Falls of Ohio, now 
Louisville, Built by George Rogers Clark in 1776. 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 11 

The notorious renegade, Simon Girty, a white man 
who for certain reasons forsook civilized society and asso- 
ciated himself with the Indians of Northern Ohio, was 
willing at all times to harass the settlers on the frontier 
at the suggestion of the French military commanders. 
This man cared not for spilling the blood of his own race, 
and frequently would lead his hostile bands in attacks 
against the unprotected settlements. His favorite time 
for attack seemed to be in the spring of the year, when 
the men were at work in the fields and offered the least 
resistance by a speedy rally of forces. 

We have noticed that all these forts were built near a 
spring of unfailing water. The pioneers seem always to 
have left the spring outside the inclosure, however, and 
since this worked a great hardship in time of siege, it 
seems to have been bad judgment. Girty's Indians at- 
tacked Logan's Fort. The supply of water inside the 
fort was exhausted, and the suffering was intense. After 
this siege, General Logan decided never again to be sub- 
jected to such an extremity. He could not bring the 
spring to the fort, and it was also difficult to transplant 
the fort. So he summoned the settlers and proposed a 
plan to which they agreed. The hours when they were 
not working in the fields or building new cabins they spent 
in digging, until a tunnel was made from the stockade to 
the spring. In succeeding attacks, the General had his 
granaries and storehouses v/ell supplied with food and 
ammunition, and it was an easy matter to send a boy with 
a bucket through the tunnel to the spring for water. This 
precaution on the part of the General prevented exhaus- 
tion during the next attack on Logan's Fort. The Indians, 
unable to understand how the settlers in the fort could 
do so long without water, supposed them to be miracu- 
lously defended by the Great Spirit, and never afterward 
could Girty lead this band to attack Logan's Fort. 



12 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

The settlers at Bryan's Station, a few miles from Lex- 
ington, did not take a similar precaution. During one 
of the Indian attacks on there the supply of water in 
the fort became exhausted, and surrender seemed un- 
avoidable. The women of the fort volunteered to go for 
water, and taking buckets marched down to the spring. 
The Indians were surprised, superstitious, and panic- 
stri'cken, and refused to fire on them. The women filled 
their buckets and returned in safety to the stockade. 

Notwithstanding the, bounteous provision made by 
Nature to supply the needs of the settler in the way of 
fruits, wild meats, and skins for clothing, life in the 
settlements was plain in the extreme. Furniture and 
household utensils were scant and crude, for the most 
part being of home construction. Salt was one of the 
greatest needs of the settlers. At first, they made it from 
the water of the numerous salt licks, each family making 
its supply by boiling the water in a kettle until the mois- 
ture had evaporated, leaving the salt encrusted in the 
kettle. These kettles were crude, and invariably small. 
Hence it was more difficult to supply a family with salt 
than with sugar, which was easily made by boiling down 
the sap from the maple trees. After awhile, the Virginia 
authorities sent out a number of large kettles and two 
expert salt makers, who reported to Captain Boone for 
service. Boone, with his two experts and thirty other 
men, left Boonesborough for the Lower Blue Lick Spring, 
fifty or more miles toward the north. Here they made a 
camp and set to work to manufacture a stock of salt suf- 
ficient to supply the needs of all the settlements for a 
period of twelve months. From time to time a small 
party was sent back to the different forts with pack- 
horses laden with salt. On their return, they would 
bring supplies, parched corn, and perhaps a few of the 
simple comforts that seemed almost luxuries to the hardy 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 13 

backwoodsmen. Meat constituted the chief article of 
diet for the workers of the salt factory. It required no 
small amount to satisfy the appetites of thirty vigorous 
men. Boone, as the most expert hunter among them, 
undertook to supply the camp with meat. The task was, 
to him, a thoroughly congenial one, which we cannot 
imagine the more civilized task of manufacturing salt to 
have been. 

It was Boone's custom to go out some miles from camp 
every morning, returning at the close of the day with as 
much game as he could carry, and often leaving a quan- 
tity at a particular spot to be sent for with a packhorse. 
One afternoon Boone was making his way toward the 
salt works after a day of successful hunting, when he 
suddenly found himself surrounded by a company of In- 
dians. Not having seen a redskin for months^ and be- 
lieving it unlikely that they could be present in large 
numbers at that time of the year, Boone was not as 
keenly on the alert as usual The savages had found 
Boone's trail while wandering through the woods. H^ 
was taken captive, adopted into the tribe, his hair picked 
outin Indian fashion, and the war paint added. Boone's 
failure to return led the men in the camp to suspect the 
presence of Indians, and to guess that Boone had fallen 
captive. The alarm was quickly sent to the surrounding 
forts. Maj. Harlan, Col. Trigg, Col. Todd, and Boone's 
brother led a body of men against the Indians in what 
proved to be the bloodiest battle recorded in the annals 
of the territory, and known as the Battle of Blue Licks: 
In this battle, Boone's eldest son was slain, and it is said 
the old man never could refer to the battle without shed- 
ding tears. In the midst of the battle, Boone escaped 
from his captors and rejoined the settlers. 



14 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

George Rogers Clark and the Revolution 

Among the many men of sterling quality who for vari- 
ous reasons came out to Kentucky, was one stalwart, 
well-trained, military genius known in history as General 
George Rogers Clark. His first trip to Kentucky was 
semi-official, as a representative of the Virginia Legisla- 
ture, to visit the various forts and settlements and to 
report progress to the state government. He found the 
settlers in dire need of powder. Reporting this to the 
Virginia authorities, he succeeded in 
securing for the settlers a quantity, 
which was yet insufficient to defend 
ihem against the Indians. 

Of Clark's second appearance in 
Kentucky, General Ray, who was at 
that time a boy of sixteen, living at 
Harrodsburg (or Harrod's Station as it 
was then called), gives the following 
account: **I had come down to where 

T T u i. r -1 £ TT George Rogers Clark 

1 now live, about four miles from Har- 
rodsburg, to turn some horses on the range. I had killed a 
small blue-winged duck that was feeding in my spring, and 
bad roasted it nicely by a fire on the brow of the hill. While 
waiting for the duck to cool, I was startled by the sud- 
den apppearance of a fine, soldierly-looking man. 'How 
do you do, my little fellow? What is your name? Aren't 
you afraid of being in the woods by yourself?' Answer- 
ing his inquiries, I invited him to partake of my duck, 
which he did, without leaving me a bone to pick, his 
appetite was so keen. Had I known him then as I did 
afterwards, he would have been welcome to all the game 
I could have killed. Having devoured my duck, he 
asked me questions about the settlers, the Indians and 
the condition of affairs in the locality." These the boy 
answered as well as he could, and then ventured to ask 




THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 15 

the name of his guest. "My name is Clark," was the 
response, "and I have come out here to see how you 
brave fellows are doing in Kentucky, and to lend you a 
helping hand, if necessary." 

With the universal consent of the settlers, Clark nat- 
urally assumed the military leadership of the territory, 
visiting all the fortifications, looking after their military 
stores, drilling the men, and otherwise strengthening 
the defenses of the pioneers. Clark made other trips to 
Virginia in behalf of the frontiersmen, but since the re- 
sources of Virginia were severely taxed by the necessary 
support given to the other colonies during the Revolu- 
tionary War, he received little or no encouragement, and 
practically nothing in the way of military supplies. It 
is stated that he provided the necessities at his own ex- 
pense, defraying the cost of transportation and distribu- 
tion. Later, powder was made by the settlers of Ken- 
tucky by leaching saltpetre from the soil in various 
sections and combining it with charcoal and other in- 
gredients. 

The English army officers formed alliances with the In- 
dian tribes living north of the Ohio River in the territory 
now composing Ohio, Indiana and Illinois and incited 
them to frequent attacks on the Kentucky settlements, 
with the hope that they would the sooner capture the 
State of Virginia by an approach from the west. Clark, 
as military commander of Kentucky, sent spies into this 
northern country to determine the location of the for- 
tresses and the number of English and Indians in each. 
One of these spies was the celebrated Simon Kenton, 
who was not content with locating the enemy but at- 
tempted to recapture a lot of horses stolen from Ken- 
tucky by the Indians on a former raid. Kenton and his 
companions were not able to travel fast with the num- 
ber of horses they had secured, and when they were at- 



16 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

tacked by a band of Indians, Kenton's companions were 
slain and he was captured. The Indians hated him cor- 
dially and began to beat him unmercifully, calling him 
the "hoss-steal." They easily could have murdered 
Kenton on the spot, but since he had proved such a ter- 
rible foe to them in the past, they preferred to enjoy 
their capture all the more by torturing him for awhile. 
He was carried by the Indians to Chillicothe, where he 
was several times forced to run the gauntlet. Finally, 
when tied to the stake to be burned, he was recognized 
by his boyhood friend, Simon Girty, who sent him to 
Detroit, from which place he made his escape and re- 
turned to Kentucky, reporting to General Clark the con- 
ditions as he had found them. 

Other spies returned, and from the general reports 
General Clark thought it necessary to make another ap- 
peal to Virginia for aid. In 1778, Governor Patrick 
Henry of Virginia gave to Clark a commission as com- 
manding officer to take such soldiers as he could secure 
in Virginia, together with his Kentuckians, and go 
against the British and Indians north of the Ohio River. 
Leaving Corn Island, now Louisville, he and his brave 
followers marched northward through swamps and swam 
streams, capturing every fortification to which they 
came. Among these were Kaskaskia and Vincennes. 
By this heroic deed of Clark's the great territory north 
of the Ohio River was secured from the British, and be- 
came a part of Virginia's territory. Clark continued at 
the head of military affairs in Kentucky, but his greatest 
work was done before he was thirty years of age. 

Later Days of Famous Pioneers 

When peace came, Clark settled about eight miles from 
Louisville and fell into habits of intemperance which 
unfitted him for public service. He was given large 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 17 

land bounties by Virginia, in recognition of services 
rendered, but conflicting claims prevented him coming 
into possession of the land for years, thus leaving him 
helpless and poor in his old age. The Virginia legisla- 
ture voted him a jeweled sword, which was sent to the 
old man by a special messenger. When the young man 
made his speech presenting the sword, Clark replied, 
"Young man, go tell Virginia, when she needed a sword 
I found one. Now, I need bread." The worn-out old 
soldier lived only a little while longer, and in 1818 died 
and was buried at Locust Grove, Ky. It has been said 
that a French officer who met Clark at Yorktown, on his 
return to France, said to the king: "Sire, there are two 
Washingtons in America." "What do you mean?" said 
the king. "1 mean," said the officer, "that there is 
Washington whom the world knows; and there is George 
Rogers Clark, the conqueror of the Northwest, as great 
a man as Washington in his field of action and for his 
opportunity." 

Simon Kenton shared a like fate. Losing his land, 
acre by acre, this simple-hearted old pioneer found him- 
self penniless in his old age. He was then allowed by 
law, to the shame of all civilization, to be cast into prison 
for debt upon the same spot upon which he had built his 
first cabin in 1775. In 1799, as a beggar, he moved into 
Ohio. In 1813, he joined Governor Shelby's troops and 
was with them in the Battle of the Thames. In 1820, 
this poor old man moved to a site on Scioto river, where 
the Indians forty years before had tied him to a stake to 
be burned. Near the close of his life he was given some 
mountain lands and a small pension. 

Daniel Boone lost all his fine lands in Kentucky, also, 
and came to such poverty as to lead him in one of his 
petitions to say, "I have not a spot of ground whereon 
to lay my bones." He left Kentucky, saying he would 



18 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

never return to live in a country so ungrateful. About 
1796 he moved to Missouri and settled fifty miles from 
St. Louis. Spain owned that territory then, and the 
Spanish government gave him a liberal grant of land. 
Around him his sons and daughters and their families 
settled. The broad forests were full of game, and here 
Boone again indulged his passion for a hunter's life. 
The old hunter neglected to complete his titles to his new 
lands, and these he also lost. Congress afterward made 
him a smaller grant. He died in Missouri in 1820, at the 
age of eighty-six, and was buried in a coffin which he 
had made for himself some years before. In 1845, the 
Legislature of Kentucky had the remains of the pioneer 
and his wife removed and buried with honor in the 
cemetery at Frankfort. A suitable monument was erected 
to mark their resting place. 

In the early days of the settlement of Kentucky, all 
men were not engaged in fighting Indians, building forts 
and clearing ground. On the contrary, the fertility of 
the soil and the wealth of timber and mineral led men to 
look to the commercial value of real estate, and conse- 
quently there was formed a powerful company known as 
The Transylvania Land Company, which had for its pur- 
pose the ownership and control of the valuable lands. 
Judge Richard Henderson, a native of Virginia, was the 
leader in the formation of this Company. 

Taking advantage of the unsettled boundaries west of 
the mountains and knowing that the several states 
claimed the country by right of grants from the kings of 
the countries of Europe, the Transylvania Company at- 
tempted to organize the territory into a separate govern- 
ment. These men gave the settlers no little worry over 
the ownership of their lands, and because Virginia was 
engaged in the War of the Revolution little attention was 
paid to affairs in Kentucky. Finally, in 1776, the settlers 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 19 

in Kentucky called a meeting at Harrodsburg and sent 
Gabriel Jones and George Rogers Clark to the Legisla- 
ture of Virginia with a statement that unless Virginia 
should protect the settlers against the Transylvania Com- 
pany and others, the people would organize the territory 
into a separate government, and take their place among 
the States. To this statement the Virginia Legislature 
gave heed, and cut off from Fincastle County, Virginia, 
all that unsurveyed territory west of the Allegheny 
Mountains, and organized it into the County of Ken- 
tucky, as a part of Virginia. This act enabled the set- 
tlers to have a regular form of county government with 
a sheriff and other county officials, as well as two repre- 
sentatives in the Virginia Assembly. 

Things went well in the new county for awhile. Agri- 
culture was engaged in more extensively and the good 
work of developing the country went steadily on, inter- 
rupted all too frequently by the attacks of the Indians 
from the north, in very much the same manner as before, 
though less frequently. 

People in the eastern colonies heard of the fertility of 
the soil and of the many attractive features of the coun- 
try, and as a result large numbers from all the older 
settlements determined to try their fortunes in the 
favored land. Population increased to such an extent that 
it was thought advisable to divide the territory into three 
counties (Jefferson, Lincoln and Fayette), and courts were 
established. 

After the Revolution 

The treaty of peace which ended the War of the Revo- 
lution was concluded in November, 1782, but the people 
of Kentucky did not get the news for nearly four months 
later. All were rejoiced that the struggle was ended and 
confidently expected that trouble with the Indians would 
cease, since there seemed no further reason for inciting 



20 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

them to make war on the Kentuckians. The people were 
doomed to disappointment. The treaty left possessions 
so poorly defined that not only did the Indians make oc- 
casional invasions into the territory to plunder, under 
the direction of the military commanders of the north, 
but the people were threatened by a still graver danger. 
The unsettled boundaries and titles of lands along the 
Mississippi River caused a question of ownership to arise 
between France, England and Spain. Spain at that time 
controlled the lower Mississippi River, and men from 
that country secretly came to Kentucky attempting to 
arouse the people to the act of establishing a separate 
nation under the protection of Spain. The loyalty of the 
good men of Kentucky to the rights of Virginia cannot 
be too highly praised. There were some persons, though, 
who for glory and private gain did all in their power to 
stir up the rebellion and to establish a separate govern- 
ment. Kentucky was virtually left to her fate beyond 
the mountains during the trying times following the close 
of the Revolution. . 

The needs of the territory and the constant menace 
from these Spanish agents led the better class of men in 
Kentucky to consider the question of asking Virginia to 
be allowed the privilege of separation, with the expec- 
tation of the territory's being formed into a State, equal 
with others of the Union. This would give a better ad- 
ministration of affairs and would put an end to the ef- 
forts of agents from other countries desiring to establish 
a separate nation. 

On May 23, 1785, a convention of delegates met at 
Danville and sent the following resolution to the Virginia 
Assembly: "Resolved: That it is the duty of the con- 
vention, as they regard the prosperity and happiness of 
their constituents, to pray the General Assembly at the 
ensuing session for an act to separate this district from 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 21 

the present government, on terms honorable to both and 
injurious to neither, in order that it may enjoy all the 
advantages and rights of a free, sovereign and independ- 
ent republic." 

In 1786, Virginia passed the act providing for the 
separation of Kentucky, but she made it conditional on 
the willingness of the Congress of the United States to 
admit Kentucky as one of the States of the Union, and 
upon the willingness of Kentucky to become a- member 
of the Union as soon as separated from Virginia, thus 
preventing Kentucky from becoming an independent re- 
public, or a part of any foreign nation. It was during 
these days that enemies to both Kentucky and the nation 
were busiest in their efforts secretly to plan for either 
an independent government or an alliance with Spain. 
Kentucky became a State in 1792, being the fifteenth in 
the Union. 

Progress 

While the preceding pages have dealt largely with the 
struggle for existence in the frontier country, it must 
not be understood that during these years the entire at- 
tention of the settlers was given to waging war against 
the Indians. The Indian invasions were altogether too 
frequent, and their savage cruelty entirely too terrible to 
be mentioned here, and this continued for many years 
after the country was supposed to be entirely free from 
terrors of the sort. Yet the people had all the while 
been doing remarkably well, not only in their efforts to 
conquer the wilderness, but to establish a civilization 
which compared favorably with the progress made in 
the more settled sections of our country at that time. 

The question of land titles offered a fine field for liti- 
gation, and among the brilliant lawyers attracted to the 
country was Henry Clay of Virginia, who in his twenty- 
fifth year was elected to the State Legislature of Ken- 



22 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

tucky, and at thirty was a United States Senator. From 
this period, with but few brief intervals, his long life 
was spent in the public service, and in the highest 
positions within the gift of the people. It was he who 
said, "I would rather be right than be President." 
In 1787, there was established at Lexington The Ken- 
tucky Gazette, by John Bradford. This was the first 
newspaper to be published west of the Allegheny Moun- 
tains. Since they had no rural delivery in those days 
the paper was sometimes weeks old before the people 
received it. It was practically the only medium for the 
general dissemination of knowledge throughout the set- 
tlements. With great eagerness would the people of any 
particular section assemble at their fort, store or tavern, 
on "paper day," and the brightest youngster or the most 
accomplished reader in the community would delight his 
auditors by reading aloud the things that had happened, 
in the world at large, the colonies in general, and in 
Kentucky in particularl. 

Early Schools and the First Seminary 

At this early date, schools were established in Ken- 
tucky and taught in the stockade forts. A Mrs. Coons 
"kept" school at Harrod's Station; John May at McAfee, 
and a Mr. Doniphan at Boonesborough. Later, log cabin 
school houses were built farther out into the settlements. 
The school boys were required to carry guns with them 
to school, that they might be ready to meet any danger. 
School books were rare and very expensive. The dili- 
gent teacher would copy from his rare and expensive 
texts lessons to be learned in the subject of arithmetic 
and other branches, often one copy serving a whole 
family. In 1798, local school books appeared. The Ken- 
tucky Primer and The Kentucky Speller were printed at 
Washington, the old county seat of Mason county, and 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 23 

Harrison's Grammar was printed at Frankfort in the 
same year. 

Twenty thousand acres of land were given by Virginia 
for the establishment of Transylvania Seminary in 1783. 
Its first principal was the Rev. David Rice, a pioneer- 
Presbyterian preacher and a graduate of Princeton Uni- 
versity. In 1787 the institution was moved from near 
Danville to Lexington. George Washington contributed 
liberally to the maintenance of this school, and Lafayette, 
on his return to America, visited the school and made a 
donation to its support. From this seminary grew the 
now famous Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky. 

In 1798 the Legislature of Kentucky donated six thou- 
sand acres of land to each county then in existence, for 
the purpose of establishing county seminaries. In many 
sections of the state these old pioneer buildings of brick 
and stone may be seen today. These institutions did 
much for education in their time. 

Our Commonwealth had, even at this early period, 
produced an unusual number of inventors of note. John 
Fitch, in 1786, first successfully applied steam as a motor 
power to passenger boats. James Rumsey, the same . 
year, propelled a boat with steam. Edward West, in 
1794, constructed a model boat and propelled it by steam, 
on Elkhorn Creek, near Lexington. He later invented 
the nail-cutting -machine which made it possible to cut 
nails rapidly from wrought iron, whereas they had for- 
merly been hammered out by hand. Thomas H. Barlow 
invented the Planetarium, an instrument by which the 
movements of the earth and moon around the sun were 
shown. 

State Government and Foreign Intrigue 

Isaac Shelby, a native of Maryland, but who had spent 
his early life in North Carolina with the frontiersmen, 
fighting the Indians and rendering valant service in the 




24 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

War of the Revolution, after the conclusion of peace with 
England had come to Kentucky in 1783. He, like Clark, 
was a great leader of men. He took an active interest in 
political, civil, military and social affairs in Kentucky, 
and was elected the first Governor of the State. On the 
,>.^-^-^ fourth of June, 1792, the Legislature 

assembled at Lexington. The chief busi- 
ness of the first Legislature seems to 
have been the selection of a site for a 
permanent seat of government, or cap- 
ital. Frankfort was finally decided upon, 
and a State House of stone was erected. 
Intrigue on the part of foreign gov- 
Gov. Isaac Shelby emmcnts, however, did not cease with 
the organization of State government. The Spanish 
governor at New Orleans continued to send emissaries 
into the State, seeking to arouse a spirit of discontent, 
and if possible bring about a separation of the State 
from the Union. So successful were these agents that 
they were able to secure the good will of some men 
in high places, by paying as high as two thousand dol- 
lars a year salary. One Thomas Power seems to have 
been the most active agent of the Spanish government, 
and he held out as an inducement the great commercial 
privileges that would come to Kentucky through the free 
navigation of the Mississippi River, and he further of- 
fered to place two hundred thousand dollars at the dis- 
posal of his friends if they would bring about a separa- 
tion from the nation. These treasonable offers, however, 
were spurned, with one or two exceptions, by the sturdy 
and loyal manhood of Kentucky. 

After the overtures of the Spanish agents, came the 
royal offers of an English protectorate, and later the 
offensive scheme of Genet and his French agents to arm 
and equip a flotilla of two thousand Kentuckians for the 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 25 

purpose of capturing New Orleans, and thus reopen the 
Mississippi River for navigation, which had been so prof- 
itable to Kentuckians prior to the withdrawal of that 
privilege by the Spanish government. 

In 1805, Aaron. Burr, whose term as Vice-President of 
the United States had expired, became unpopular be- 
cause of his criticisms of the administration of President 
Jefferson, and because of his having killed Alexander 
Hamilton in a duel. Being ambitious, Burr was mor- 
bidly restless because of the turn his fortunes had taken. 
He visited Kentucky and different points between New 
Orleans and St. Louis. He succeeded in drawing into 
his plans one Blennerhassett, a wealthy man who lived 
on a beautiful island in the Ohio River. It is supposed 
that his plan was to found an empire in the West, and to 
make himself the ruler of the same. During Burr's 
visits to Kentucky, it is said that he frequently made his 
headquarters at an old brick residence in Eddyville, 
overlooking the Cumberland River. In November, 1806, 
Burr was brought into court at Frankfort, charged with 
organizing a military expedition against Mexico. He was 
defended by Henry Clay and the grand jury failed to indict 
him. This acquittal was celebrated by a ball at Frankfort. 
A few months later he was arrested in Alabama, taken to 
Richmond, Va. , and acquitted of treason after a trial lasting 
six months. 

Indian Wars and War of 1812 

The great Shawnee chief, Tecumseh, formed a federa- 
tion of all the northern tribes of Indians for a general 
massacre of all settlers west of the Alleghenies. Ken- 
tucky contributed a great number of soldiers to the army 
under General William Henry Harrison. This army, 
with Governor Shelby at the head of the Kentucky bri- 
gade, marched against the northern tribes and defeated 
them at the Battle of Tippecanoe. The fleeing Indians 



26 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

were overtaken at the River Thames, and the cry of the 
Kentuckians was, "Remember the Raisin and revenge." 
In this battle, Col. Richard F. Johnson of Kentucky slew 
the noted chief, Tecumseh. 

In the second war between the United States and Eng- 
land, in 1812, Kentuckians took a prominent part in 
nearly all battles against the British. Especially did they 
distinguish themselves as expert riflemen at the Battle of 
New Orleans. Most of the cannon ball used in this battle 
had been made at the old iron furnace in Bath County, 
near where Owingsville now stands, and a great portion 
of the powder had been manufactured from the saltpeter 
leached from the soil in Mammoth Cave, Edmonson 
County, Kentucky. 

While Kentuckians were winning laurels on the battle- 
fields of the Indian wars and the War of 1812, literary 
pursuits were not neglected. In 1785, John Filson wrote 
the first history of the State, and drew maps of the re- 
gion. In 1812, Humphrey Marshall, Sr., also wrote a 
history of Kentucky. Colleges were being established, 
and young men were being trained in classical lore and 
oratory. Among the prominent orators of the early day 
were Thomas F. Marshall and Richard M. Menefee. The 
genius, ready wit, satire, and forensic power of Marshall 
made him a favorite with all audiences at all times; but 
unfortunately his habit of intemperance lessened his 
powers and closed his career. The oratory of Menefee 
was so pleasing and convincing as to cause him to be 
called the Patrick Henry of the West. 

Internal Improvements 

The wealth of timber, mineral, and farm products of 
the State was so great as to cause early improvements in 
the building of macadamized roads or pikes, and as early 
as 1830 the turnpike from Maysville to Lexington was 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 27 

built to facilitate the movement of freight and farm prod- 
ucts from the bluegrass region to the towns along the 
Ohio River on the northern boundary. A similar road 
was built from Louisville through Glasgow and Bowling 
Green to Nashville, Tenn., and this road not only served 
as a commercial outlet to the South, but has played an 
important part in the history and subsequent develop- 
ment of the State. 

Early in the past century, interest was shown in the 
making of the water courses of Kentucky navigable 
throughout the year by the building of locks and dams. 
These were built on Kentucky, Barren and Green Rivers. 
Kentucky is said to have a greater number of miles of 
navigable streams than is owned by any other State. Its 
territory was supposed, in the early days, to extend to 
low water mark on the eastern side of the Big Sandy 
River, to the northern bank of the Ohio River, and to the 
western bank of the Mississippi on the western border, 
while the Kentucky, Barren and Green rivers lie wholly 
within its borders, and the Cumberland and Tennessee 
rivers cross the State in the western section. Green River 
is said to be one of the deepest river waterways in the 
world, and the scenery along its banks is indeed pictur- 
esque. The towering walls on either side of the Ken- 
tucky River between Frankfort and Beattyville rival in 
grandeur and majestic beauty the famous palisades of 
the Hudson or the castellated southern shore of the beau- 
tiful Columbia River. 

Railroad construction was early commenced in Ken- 
tucky. While traveling from Lexington to Frankfort to- 
day over the L. & N. railroad, one can see from the car 
windows the old grade and the cuts indicating the line 
along which ran the early cars on stones in which 
grooves were cut for the guidance of the wheels instead 
of the steel rail and the flange wheel of the present day. 



28 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

These early cars were drawn by mules, after they had 
been pulled by a windlass up the cliff from the boat land- 
ing at Frankfort. The mules and the rock rails were soon 
replaced by two locomotives and iron rails. One engine 
brought the train from Frankfort to a point half way, by 
noon, and after the passengers had eaten dinner at Mid- 
way, the other engine took the train on to Lexington. 

Kentucky and Slavery 

The early settlers from Virginia brought their slaves 
with them, and when the State was established, no one 
thought of abolishing the institution of slavery. The 
melodious voices of the blacks could be heard in the 
clearing grounds and the "black mammies" and the little 
pickaninnies were familiar objects about every well-to-do 
home. For the most part, the Kentuckian was consid- 
erate of the welfare of his slaves, and both master and 
slave were happy in the olden day. Those who are old 
enough to remember, can tell some stories of the loyalty 
of the slave to his master, and of the kindly relationship 
that existed between the two races. About 1829 there 
began to develop in the minds of many Kentuckians a 
sentiment which afterward grew into strong opposition 
to the state of affairs which made it possible for one 
man to own the body and control the actions of another. 
In 1831, Cassius M. Clay, while attending Yale College, 
became thoroughly aroused to the evils of slavery, and 
when he returned to Kentucky he began to speak and to 
write in opposition to the institution. He established 
a paper in Lexington by means of which he was able to 
arouse sentiment in support of his contention against 
slavery. He was probably the first pronounced and 
powerful abolitionist in the State, and became almost as 
famous in the South as was William Lloyd Garrison in 
the North. 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 29 

The question continued to be one of absorbing interest, 
and the anti-slavery party gained in strength steadily. 
When Texas declared her independence from Mexico, and 
sought admission into the Union of States, the slavery 
question was discussed in that connection in Kentucky as 
heatedly as in any other section. General Zachary Tay- 
lor, a native Kentuckian, born and reared near Louisville, 
was placed in command of the American forces when war 
was about to be declared against Mexico. This and the 
fact that William 0. Butler and Thomas Marshall were 
commissioned officers under Taylor, and also from Ken- 
tucky, served to increase the interest in the approach- 
ing struggle with Mexico, and intensified the zeal of 
both the slavery and the anti-slavery parties. Everywhere 
the question was, "Shall Texas come to us as a slave or 
a free state?" 

On the third of June, 1808, just about four years before 
our Kentucky soldiers were called upon to enlist to do 
battle against the British in the War of 1812, there was 
born in an old-fashioned log house in that part of Ken- 
tucky where the town of Fairview now stands, a boy 
named Jefferson Davis, who was destined to become one 
of the conspicuous characters in the nation. As a child, 
he was mild of manner and rathef timid, but possessed a 
strong and resolute will. He willingly and easily learned 
the contents of such books as the schools of the time 
afforded, and at an early age he matriculated as a student 
at Transylvania Seminary, where he distinguished him- 
self as a gentleman and a scholar. A point of interest in 
Lexington is the quaint little house where he roomed 
while he was a student at the Seminary. 

The spirit of the times led young Davis to choose a 
military career, and he entered West Point from which he 
graduated in 1828 We find him soon as a captain in the 
regiment commanded by General Zachary Taylor. While 



30 THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 

stationed at Louisville, he met, wooed, and wed the 
beautiful daughter of General Taylor — not, however, 
with the consent and blessing of the General. A pretty 
story is told of Davis and Taylor concerning their recon- 
ciliation. During the Mexican War, Davis commanded 
a company of artillery. On one occasion. General Taylor 
ordered Captain Bragg to unlimber and fire at the enemy, 
and Bragg was disposed to urge the futility of the effort, 
since it would result in presenting the battery to the 
Mexicans and he thought there was no 
hope of holding the position. With the 
coolness for which he was noted, Cap- 
tain Davis was seen to wheel his battery 
into line, and he directed the ma- 
neuvres in such manner as soon to be 
in complete control, and the battle was 
won. The next morning, says the story. 
General Taylor sent an orderly to the 
tent of Captain Davis, commanding him 
to report at headquarters. The order was obeyed ; and 
when Davis had saluted his superior officer and stood 
at attention, the crusty old general stepped forward and, 
with a moistened eye, extended his hand and said, 
"Captain Davis, my daughter was a better judge of a man 
than I." They were the warmest friends ever afterward. 
While Davis was Secretary of War of the United States, 
he practically reorganized the army and revised the tac- 
tics. After the close of the Mexican War, he became a 
Congressman from Mississippi, and afterward was sent to 
the United States Senate from that State. When he 
resigned his seat in the United States Senate, he deliv- 
ered a farewell speech setting forth his reasons for so 
doing. This is said to be one of the greatest addresses 
ever delivered before the Senate. He was chosen Presi- 
dent of the Southern Confederacy at a time when another 




Jefferson Davis 



THE STORY OF KENTUCKY 31 

great Kentuckian, who had been born in the same sec- 
tion of the state, was President of the United States. 

In a rude log hut, not many miles from the place where 
Jefferson Davis first saw the light, was born a boy whom 
the world has placed on the highest pedestal of fame. 
Abraham Lincoln was born in Larue County on February 
12, 1809; His life is so well known that there is little of 
it not familiar to the average school boy. 

The Civil War and Later 

When the Civil War between the States of the Union 
was about to begin, Kentucky refused to take sides in the 
controversy, and in the strict sense of the term was 
never out of the Union. When the President of the 
United States called on Kentucky to furnish men and 
equipment for the Union army, the Governor replied 
that the State was neutral and would take no steps to- 
ward secession, nor would it espouse coercion by force 
of arms. The people, however, chose for themselves, 
and enlisted in the Union or in the Confederate army, as 
they believed to be in the right of the controversy. The 
result was that about an equal number enlisted with both 
armies. Hence the State became a common battle- 
ground during the struggle, very much as it was in the 
days when the Indian tribes from the North and from the 
South met on our soil as a common battleground. Fami- 
lies were divided as to their espousal of the respective 
sides of the contest, father and son frequently taking up 
arms on opposite sides. When the war closed, the peo- 
ple went to work with a will to repair the damages in- 
cident to the struggle, and no state has shown greater 
progress in the developmei^t of its natural resources. 

Probably no state has greater resources capable of de- 
velopment. The coal beds of Eastern Kentucky comprise 
an area of more than ten thousand square miles or about 



NOV 24 1913 



32 



THE STORY OF kp:ntuck:y 



one-fourth the area of the whole state, and the western 
coal fields underlie four thousand square miles, or about 
one-tenth of the area of the state. Inexhaustible deposits 
of iron ore are found, and the forests are exceedingly rich 
in fine lumber. 

The state has made wonderful progress in the de- 
velopment of the school system. In fact, no other state 
has a more practical and efficient school system, nor has 
any state a more determined set of school workers. 

Kentucky has had three permanent Capitol buildings. 
The last was completed in 1909 at a cost of $1,750,000, 
and is considered one of the handsomest structures of its 
kind in the Union. 

Great virtues are sometimes accompanied by great 
faults; but Kentucky's faults have been those born of 
isolation and inaccessibility. Now that her railways are 
penetrating into even the remotest districts, bringing 
her citizens into closer and quicker communication with 
the outside world, her people rapidly are becoming united 
in their efforts to make her future eclipse her glorious 
past. With the purest Anglo-Saxon blood in the United 
States forming the greater part of her citizenship, and the 
riches of her forests and mountains even now just begin- 
ning to pour into the laps of the people, a great future is 
inevitable for Kentucky, "The land of the China Brier." 




Ancient Mound, Greenup County 



INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES-Continued 



136 Peeps into Bird Nooks— I— Afc Fee 

181 Stories of the Stars— AfcFee 

205 Eyes and No Kyes and the Three Giants 
History and Biog:raphy 

5 Story of Lincoln — Reiter 
56 Indian Children Tales— ^mjA 

78 Stories of the Backwoods— ^<?z7^^ 

79 A Little New England Viking — Baker 

81 Story of DeSoto-//a//f^/if 

82 Story of Daniel Boone — Reiter 

83 Story of Printing — McCabe 

84 Story of David Crockett— A'^?7<?r 

85 Story of Patrick Yienvy—Uttle field 

86 American Inventors— I (Whitney and 

Fulton) — Paris 

87 American Inventors — II (Morse and Edi- 

son)— i^ar/^ 

88 American Naval Heroes (Jones, Perry, 

Farragut) — Bush 

89 Fremont and Kit Carson— //^rfrf 

91 Story of Eugene Field — McCahe 

178 Story of Lexington and Bunker Hill. 

182 Story of Joan oi KvQ—McFee 

207 Famous Artists, II— Reynolds— Murillo 
243 Famous Artists — III — Millet — Cranston 
248 Makers of European YL\s\.oxy — IV kite 
Literature 

90 Fifteen Selections from Longfellow — I 

(A Village Blacksmith, Children's 
Hour and other poems) 

95 Japanese Myths and Legends — McFee 
103 Stories from the Old Testament— 7l/ci^^^ 
III Water Babies (Abridged)— AY w^^/^jV 

171 Tohni of the Treetops — Gri})ies 

172 Labu, the Little I<ake Dweller— C^zw^i 
195 Night before Christmas and Other 

Christmas Poems and Stories. 

201 Alice's First Adventures in Wonder- 

land — Carroll 

202 Alice's Further Adventures in Wonder- 

land-Car? o// 

FIFTH YEAR 
Nature and Industry 

92 Animal Life in the Sea — McFee 

93 Story of Silk — Brown 

94 Story of Sugar— i^^z/^r 

96 Wiiat We Drink (Tea, Coffee and Cocoa) 
139 Peeps into Bird Nooks, 11— McFee 

2IO Snowdrops and Crocuse? — Mann 

280 Making of the WovUl—Nrmdon 

281 Builders of the World— I/crndo?i 
2S3 Stories of Time— /<«iA 
History and Biography 

16 Explorations of the Northwest 

80 Story of the Cahots-McBt ide 

97 Story of the Norsemen — Hanson 

98 Story of Nathan Yla\^— McCabe 

99 Story of Jefferson — McCabe 

100 Story oi^-xanX.— McFee 

101 Story of Robert E. l^^.^—McKane 

105 Story of Canada — Douglas 

106 Story of Mexico — McCabe 

iQ'j Story of Robert LouisStevenson — Bush 
no Story of Hawthorne- J/rF<'^ 
H2 Biographical Stories— Hawthorne 
141 Story of Grant— il/cAaw*? 

144 Story of Steam — McCabe 

145 Story of McKiuley — McBride 

179 Storj' of the Flag — Baker 

190 Story of Father Hennepin — McBride 

191 Story of LaSalle — McDride 

185 Storv of the First Crusade— il/^arf 



217 Story of Florence Nightingale— AfcZ-c.? 

218 Story of Peter Cooper— J/c/v^ 
232 Story of Shakespeare — Grames 

287 Life in Colonial Days — Tilling hast 
Literature 

8 King of the Golden River — Ruskin 

9 The Golden Touch — Hawthorne 
6x Story of Siudbad the Sailor 

108 History in Verse (Sheridan's Ride, In- 

dependence Bell, etc.) 

113 Little Daffydowndilly and Other Stories 

— Hawilioi fie 
180 Story of Aladdin and of Ali Baba— Z.^it/J5 

183 A Dog of Flanders- Z'^ la Raniee 

184 The Nurnberg Stove — De la Ravtee 

186 Heroes from King Arthur — Grames 
194 Whittier's Poems. Selected. 

199 Jackanapes — Eiving 

200 The Child of Urbino— Z>^ la Ramee 
2c8 Heroes of Asgard — Selections — Keary 
212 Story of Robin Wood— Biish 

234 Poems Worth Knowing — Book II — Inter- 
mediate — Faxon 

SIXTH YEAR 
Nature and Industry 

109 Gifts of tlie Forest (Rubber, Cinchona, 

Resin, etc.) — McFee 
Geography 

114 Great European Cities — I (London and 

Paris) — Bush 

115 Great European Cities— II (Rome and 

Berlin —^//5A 

168 Great European Cities— III (St. Peters- 
burg and Constantinople) — Bush 

247 The Chinese and Their "Country— /'aw/- 
son 

285 Story of Panama and the Canal 
History and Biography 

73 Four Great 'Musicians— Bush 

74 Four More Great Musicians — Bush 

116 Old English Heroes (Alfred, Richard the 

Lion-Heaited, The Black Prince) 

117 Later English Heroes (Cromwell, Well- 

ington, 0\adiStowe)— Bush 
160 Heroes of the Revolution — Tristram 
163 Stories of Courage — Bush 

187 Lives of Webster and Clay — Tiistram 

188 Story of Napoleon— ^7<j/f 

189 Stories of Heroism — Bush 

197 Story of Lafayette — Bush 

198 Story of Roger Williams — Leightou 
209 Lewis and Clark Expedition- Herndon 
224 Story of William TeW—hallock 

286 Story of Slavery— 5(?o^^r T. Washington 
246 What I Saw in Japan— Griffis 

509 Story of Georgia — Derry 

511 Story of Illinois— .Swz^/t 

512 Story of Indiana— Clem 

513 Story of Iowa — McFee 

520 Story of Kentucky — Eubank 

520 Story of Michigan— 5A;/w«^r 

521 Story of Minnesota— .S^^MM^r 
533 Story oi 0\\\o—Galbreath 

536 Story of Pennsylvania -March 
547 Story of Wisconsin— 5AzwM<'r 

Literature 

10 The Snow Ima^e— Hawthorne 

11 Rip Van Winkle— ^'t'/we 

12 Legend of Sleepy Hollow — Irving 

CoutDiucd vn next page 



INSTRUCTOR LITERATURE SERIES-Continued 



235 Poems Worth Kuowing— III— Grammar 
— Faxon 

238 [yanil)'s Adventures of Ulj'sses — Part I 

239 Lamb's Adveutiires of Ulysses — Part II 

241 Story of the Iliad — Church (coudensedj 

242 Story of the ^ueid— C/jMrc/t(coud'sed) 

Literature EIGHTH YEAR 

17 Enoch Arden — Tenyiyson 

18 Visiou of Sir Lauufal — Lowell 

19 Cotter's Saturday Ni^iit— /?7trw5 
23 The Deserted Village and Traveler- 
Co W^wz7 A 

126 Rime of the Ancient Mariner 

127 Gray's Elegy and Other Poems 

128 Speeches of Lincoln 

129 Selections from Julius Caesar 

130 Selections from Henr3'^ the Eighth 

131 Selections from Macbeth 

142 Scott's Lady of the Lake— Canto I 

154 Scott's Lady of the Lake— Cauto II 

143 Building of the Ship and Other Poems— 
Lons: fellow 

148 Horatius, Ivry, The Ariuada — Macaulay 

150 Bunker Hill Address— Selections from 
the Adams and Jefferson Oration — 
Webster 

151 Gold Bug, The— Po^ 
153 Prisoner of Chillou and Other Poems— 

Byron 

155 Rhoecus and Other Poems — Lo7cell 

156 Edgar Allan Poe — Biograpli3' and Se- 
lected Poems — Link 

158 Washington's P'arewell Address and 
Other Papers 

169 Abram Joseph Ryan— Biography and 
Selected Poems — Smith 

170 PaulH. Hayne — Biography and Selected 
Poems— Z/w4: 

215 Life of Samuel Johnson — Macaulay 
221 Sir Roger de Coverley Takers— Addison 

236 Poems Worth Knowing — IV — Advanced 
—Faxon 

237 Lay of the Last Minstv&l— Scott. Intro- 
duction and Canto I 

Twelve or more copies sent prepaid at 60 cents per dozen or $5.00 per hundred. 
Price 5 Cents Each. Postage, 1 Cent per copy extra. Order by Number. 

~I!Zm ANNOTATED CLASSICS AND 
erieS SUPPLEnENTARV READERS 

21 Cricket on the Hearth. Chas. Dickens. 
Complete with notes iOc 

23 Familiar Legends. McFee. Old tales 
retold for young people 10c 

25 Some Water Birds. McFee. Description, 
and stories of, Fourth to Sixth grades 10c 

27 Hiawatha. Introduction and notes, .15c 

29 Milton's riinor Poems. Biography, in- 
troduction, notes, questions, critical com- 
ments and pronouncing vocabulary. .I5c 

31 Idylls of the King. (Coming of Arthur, 
Gareth and Lynetle, Lancelot and Elaine. 
Passing of Arthur). Biography, introduc- 
tion, notes, questions, critical comments 
and pronouncing vocabulary 15c 

33 Silas Marner. Eliot. Biography, notes, 
questions, critical comments, bibliog- 
raphy, 230 pages. Paper 20c 

34 Same iti cloth binding 30c 



22 Rab and His Friends — Brown 

24 Tliree Golden Apples — Ha7vthorne 

25 The Miraculous Pitcher — Hawthorne 

26 The Minotaur — Hawthorne 

118 Tale of the White Hills and Other 

^\.ox\>ts,— Hawthorne 

119 Bryant's Thanatopsis and Other Poems 

120 Ten Selections from Longfellow — (Paul 

Revere's Ride, The Skeleton in Armor 
and otlier poems) 

121 Selections from Holmes 

122 The Pied Piper of Hamelin — Browning 
161 The Great Carbuncle, Mr. Higgin- 

botham's Catastrophe, Snowflakes — 

Haivthorne 
163 The Pygmies — Hawthorne 
211 The Golden Fleece — Hawthorne 

222 Kingsley's Greek Heroes— Part I. The 

Story of Perseus 

223 Kingsley's Greek Heroes— Part II. The 

Story of Theseus 
225 Tennyson's Poems— For various grades 
229 Responsive Bible Reailino-s — Zeller 
284 Story of Little Nell— .SwzY/z 

SEVENTH YEAR 
Literature 

13 Courtship of Miles Standish 

14 Evangeline — Longfellow 

15 Snow V.onnA—Whittier 

20 The Great Stone 'Bac^^Hawthorne 

123 Selections from Wordsworth 

124 Selections from Shelley and Keats 

125 Selections from Merchant of Venice 
147 Story of King Arthur as told by Tenny- 
son— //'«//<?c>fe 

149 Man Without a Country, Thtt—Hale 

192 Story of Jean Valjean — Grames 

193 Selections from the Sketch Book. 
196 The Gray Champion — Hawthorne 

213 Poems of Thomas Moore — Selected 

214 More Selections from the Sketch Book 
216 Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare— Sel'd. 
231 The Oregon Trail(Condensed from Park- 
man) — Grames 



EXCELSIOR Literature S 

I Evangeline. Biography, introduction, 
oral and written exercises and notes. 10c 
3 Courtship of Miles Standish. With In- 
troduction and Notes 10c 

5 Vision of Sir Launfal. Biography, intro- 
duction, notes, outlines 10c 

7 Enoch Arden. Tennyson. Biography, in- 
troduction, notes, outlines, questions.. 10c 

g Great Stone Face. Hawthorne. Biog- 
raphy, introduction, notes, outlines. .10c 

II Browning's Poems. Selected poems with 
notes and outlines lor study 10c 

13 Wordsworth's Poems. Selected poem 
with introduction, notes and outlines. 10c 

15 Sohrab and Rustum. Arnold. With in- 
troduction, notes and outlines 10c 

17 The Children's Poet. Study of Longfel- 
low's poetry for children, with poems 10c 

19 A Chri.^tmas Carol. Charles Dickens. 
Complete with notes 10c 



